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17 December, 02:59

How many grams of ethanol (density 0.80 g/cm3) should be added to 5.0 g of chloroform (density 1.5 g/cm3) if the resulting mixture is to have a density of 1.2 g/cm3? Assume that the fluids do not change their volumes when they are mixed.

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  1. 17 December, 03:16
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    2.00 g of ethanol

    Explanation:

    The density of the mixture is the total mass (ethanol + chloroform) divided by the total volume. Let's call the mass of ethanol as x, the volume of it as V1, and the volume of chloroform as V2.

    V2 = mass of chlorofrom/density

    V2 = 5/1.5 = 3.33

    x = density*volume

    x = 0.8*V1

    The density of the mixture will be:

    (x + 5) / (V1 + V2) = 1.2

    (0.8*V1 + 5) / (V1 + 5/1.5) = 1.2

    0.8V1 + 5 = 1.2V1 + 4

    0.4V1 = 1

    V1 = 2.5 cm³

    x = 0.8*2.5

    x = 2.00 g
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