In which of the following cases has an assault occurred?

a. Bob pulls an unloaded gun on Ruby and threatens to shoot her.

b. Bob threatens Jim that if he ever sees him around Ruby again, he will shoot him with a sawed-off shotgun.

c. Nadine shoots Ruby in the back with a. 38 caliber gun.

Option A and C are examples of assault.

Explanation: According to Wikipedia "An assault is the act of inflicting physical harm or unwanted physical contact upon a person or, in some specific legal definitions, a threat or attempt to commit such an action. It is both a crime and a tort and, therefore, may result in either criminal and/or civil liability."

In option A although there was no physical contact, the gun brought out counts as an assault to the life of Ruby.

In B, though there is a threat there is no contact at the moment of incidence so it's not an assault.

In option C, there is a physical contact as the gun was shot so it definitely an assault.