1. What international and domestic developments convinced Mao of the need to carry out a Cultural Revolution in China?

In response to new economic policies that were threatening the social equality which convinced Mao of the need to carry out a Cultural Revolution in China.

Explanation:

Mao Zedong started the Cultural Revolution in China in answer to new economic arrangements that were frightening the social equality. This was the revolution that commenced in the year 1966. During that time, Mao Zedong was the chairman of the Communist Party of China.

Mao organized a group of young people, and their goal was to spread the Idea of Socialism all around China.

The Red Guard was established, which was made up of school and college students. The Red Guard demolished historical artifacts and writings of China's ancient culture. They also attacked personalities who were seen to be opposing Chairman Mao's permanent revolution.