2) How do we divide the world into 2 basic agricultural regions?

It is difficult to divide the world into just 2 basic agriculture regions due to the immense diversity we can see in different continents and even within countries.

However, for simplicity, we can say that the 2 geographic regions would be 'Temperate/Tropic regions' which lie on or near the equator, tropic of cancer and tropic of Capricorn.

This is the ideal region for high yield farming all year round and also consist of countries with the highest population densities.

The second geographic area can be 'Non-Tropic' such as European countries where farming is limited due to longer winters