Explain how chemiosmosis functions in the cell. Discuss the energy transfers and explain the role of ATP in this process.

The energy for ATP synthesis comes from organic molecules (such as carbohydrates), or from sunlight, or from inorganic electron donors. We can classify organisms according to their source of energy and organic carbon:

heterotrophs - get energy and organic carbon from metabolism of pre-existing organic compounds (food) photoautotrophs - use energy from sunlight to make ATP and their own organic carbon compounds from carbon dioxide chemoautotrophs - use energy from inorganic chemicals to make ATP and their own organic carbon compounds from carbon dioxide

Metabolic pathways carry out reactions that capture energy from these various sources (organic compounds, sunlight or chemicals) and couple them to synthesis of ATP from ADP.

The cells that protein use release the energy by using ATP, They do this by hydrolysis to complete a chemical transport.