Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a genetic disorder associated with the Philadelphia chromosome. The Philadelphia chromosome is a mutation in chromosome 22. Part of chromosome 22 is exchanged with part of chromosome 9, bringing together two genes on chromosome 22 and causing a malignancy. What type of mutation occurs in the Philadelphia chromosome?

A.

duplication

B.

insertion

C.

inversion

D.

substitution

E.

translocation

The correct answer option is E. translocation.

Explanation:

Philadelphia chromosome are CML and Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL are the leukemias that are caused by a mutation.

This type of mutation which occurs in the occurs in the Philadelphia chromosome is called translocation.

Philadelphia chromosome contains a fusion gene which consists of the ABL gene and the BCR gene, producing the BCR-ABL oncogene which has an enzyme with an abnormal tyrosine kinase activity.