In an experiment, some rats are exposed to a tone followed by a shock while other rats are exposed to a tone and shock that are unpaired. This latter condition is designed to test for

Pseudoconditioning.

Explanation:

The learning may be defined as the way to grab or complete understand any action or anything. Innate learning and acquired learning are the two main types of learning.

The pseudoconditioning may be defined as the situation in which the unconditioned response might generated by some other stimuli rather than the unconditioning stimulus. Here, the tone and shock are unrelated and shock here acts as unconditional response.

Thus, the answer is pseudoconditioning.