If a researcher is interested in measuring both the structure and function of the brain, which technique might one recommend

The best method for studying both the structure and the function of the brain would be the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

This technique measures the blood flow to different brain regions in order to determine which areas are active in certain brain processes. An increase in the blood flow increases the amount the oxygen the area is receiving that is needed for the functioning of the nerve cells.