A DNA molecule consists of many individual structures that each contain a 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and a phosphate group. What are these individual structures called?

DNA is made up nucleotides which contain, a 5-carbon sugar - deoxyribose; nitrogenous bases (nucleobase) - adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine; a phosphate group (a phosphate atom bound to oxygen).

The nitrogenous bases adenine and guanine are called purines while,

thymine and cytosine are called pyrimidines.