Distinguish between active and passive transport. Make sure to provide examples of each. Why are the functions of active and passive transport instrumental to the cell?

Active & Passive transport

Explanation:

Active transport is where a chemical reaction using ATP moves things in/out of the cell through transport proteins within the cell wall. It uses a concentration gradient to trigger the reaction (it goes against the concentration gradient in active transport) Molecules move against a concentration gradient (low concentration - → high concentration) Cellular energy (ATP) is required Passive transport also uses a concentration gradient by diffusion (hydrophobic or very small polar molecules) and facilitated diffusion via carrier proteins and channels Molecules move along the concentration gradient (high concentration - → low concentration) No cellular energy is required