After surgical clipping of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, a client develops the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). What manifestations are exhibited with excessive levels of antidiuretic hormone?

Unusual weight gain

hypoosmolar state with dilutional hyponatremia

Oliguria

Hypertension

Explanation:

1. There is high and abnormal free water retention causing weight gain of 0.99kg for every litter of fluid retained

2. hypoosmolar state (blood levels has Low levels of electrolytes, proteins, and nutrients)

with dilutional hyponatremia (low sodium concentration in the blood. Na < 135 mmol/L) occurs

3. Oliguria (water reabsorbtion from the glomerular filtrate by ADH action on nephrons)

4. Hypertension as a result of increase in blood volume from frequent water reabsorption and increased urine concentration.