What is chromosomes

A chromosome is a Deoxyribonucleic acid molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.

Chromosome is the compact form of genetic material (DNA) present in the nucleus of a cell. These chromosomes are a combination of proteins and DNA. These chromosomes carry our hereditary material in the form of genes.

Each chromosomes carry many genes which are transferred to the next generation. Each chromosome divides into the S - phase and they become compact during the mitosis phase.

Chromosomes can be seen under the microscope in the metaphase stage of cell cycle. 23 pairs of chromosomes are present in each cell out of which 22 are autosomes and 23rd is the sex chromosome.

These sex chromosomes is different in both male and female because females have two X chromosomes and male have one X and one Y chromosome as sex chromosome.