List ten factors which can be involved in regulating bacterial gene expression (includes specificity and level of expression). "Factor" may include regulatory proteins, low molecular weight compounds, and regulatory sites in polynucleotides.

Question

Ana Valdez

Biology

3 March, 08:47

List ten factors which can be involved in regulating bacterial gene expression (includes specificity and level of expression). "Factor" may include regulatory proteins, low molecular weight compounds, and regulatory sites in polynucleotides.

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Frost · Answer 1

At least 6 were provided:

1. Transcription.

2. Chromatin domains.

3. mRNA degradation.

4. RNA transport.

5. Translation.

6. Post-transcriptional modification.

Explanation:

Chromatin domains.

Changes to the epigenome can result in changes to the structure of chromatin and changes to the function of the genome.

Transcription.

During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand called a primary transcript.

Post-transcriptional modification.

is a set of biological processes common to most eukaryotic cells by which an RNA primary transcript is chemically altered following transcription from a gene to produce a mature, functional RNA molecule that can then leave the nucleus and perform any of a variety of different functions in the cell.

RNA transport.

mRNA is created during the process of transcription, where the enzyme RNA polymerase converts genes into primary transcript mRNA (also known as pre-mRNA). This pre-mRNA usually still contains introns, regions that will not go on to code for the final amino acid sequence.

Translation.

In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in the ribosome decoding center to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide.

mRNA degradation.

Different mRNAs within the same cell have distinct lifetimes (stabilities). In bacterial cells, individual mRNAs can survive from seconds to more than an hour. However, the lifetime averages between 1 and 3 minutes, making bacterial mRNA much less stable than eukaryotic mRNA.