Sort the labels into the correct bin according to the effect that gramicidin would have on each process.

Remains the same: proton pumping rate, electron transport rate, rate of oxygen uptake

Decreases or goes to zero: Rate of ATP synthesis, size of the proton gradient

(Gramicidin causes membranes to become very leaky to protons, so that a proton gradient cannot be maintained and ATP synthesis stops. However, the leakiness of the membrane has no effect on the ability of electron transport to pump protons. Thus, the rates of proton pumping, electron transport, and oxygen uptake remain unchanged.)