Each distinct cell type in your body expresses a unique collection of proteins that dictates the function of that cell. How might this affect the signaling process? Would human growth hormone (hGH) affect hepatocytes (liver cells) and chondrocytes (cells within cartilage) in the same way?

There are three phases of cell signaling. These are reception, transduction, and response. Now, each kind of cell exhibit distinct receptor molecules, transducer proteins, and react accordingly.

The structural variations in these proteins result in the difference in response and attentiveness of a cell to any particular molecule. The growth hormone or the hGH functions both on cartilages and liver, however, the actions of both are different.

On the muscles and cartilages, it stimulates the MAPK/ERK2 pathway and encourages the growth of the cell. On the liver, it stimulates the JAK/STAT pathway and generates IGF. Hence, the receptors, signaling molecules, and the kind of cells produce variations in the procedure's pathway.