Marine sponges contain a biological catalyst that blocks a certain step in the separation of chromosomes. which cellular process would be directly affected by this catalyst

The answer would be mitosis

Mitosis is a process of cell division that will produce two similar cells. The process includes the cloning of genetic material of the cell. If separation of chromosomes is disrupted, mitosis won't be successful.

Diffusion, respiration, photosynthesis doesn't involve separation of the chromosome.