How can short term and long term environmental changes affect the traits that are in a population?

Well in an environment when the environment changes so do all the organisms in it. Little of small all changes in the environment can have a huge effect in the life around it. When the environment changes all the organisms around it may change to better suit themselves into it to better survive. The changes the organisms go through could be small such as moving where they live in that environment, or large like adapting to the new colors around them by over a specific amount of time they adapt to match these colors, by breeding and evolution.