What is used to direct protein synthesis in the cell?

A. electron transport chains in the cell's mitochondria

B. protein transport molecules in the cell's ribosomes

C. sequences of nitrogenous bases in the cell's DNA

D. phospholipid molecules in the cell membrane

The correct answer is: C. sequences of nitrogenous bases in the cell's DNA

The synthesis of proteins is a final phase of gene expression. Gene expression is initiated in the cell nucleus, where specific enzymes copy the segment of DNA into mRNA. This process is called transcription and it is performed via RNA polymerase. mRNA molecule then moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where the translation take place. Translation is the process where mRNA is "decoded" in the ribosome and polypeptide chain synthesized. After folding, polypeptide chain becomes protein.