Which type of speciation has the potential to occur the most rapidly?

a. Peripatric speciation

b. Parapatric speciation

c. Polyploid speciation

d. Allopatric speciation

d. Allopatric speciation

Explanation:

Speciation is the process where new species come from the older population. Speciation happens due to genetic change in the individuals, and environmental change. There are different types of speciation such as allopatric speciation, peripatric speciation, parapatric speciation, sympatric speciation, and polyploidy speciation.

The allopatric speciation is the most common and rapid type of speciation. This happens due to geographical barriers. Thus an existing population separates and with time they become different from each other.

The peripatric speciation occurs when a smaller group of population separates from its original population. They live in a new area and interbreed with new organisms. This results in new species.

The parapatric speciation occurs when a larger population mingle with a new population. This type of isolation occurs when there is a shortage of resources and overcrowding. In this way, a new population arises.

The polyploidy population happens due to nondisjunction of the gens. Non-disjunction of genes occurs in the meiotic division. In this case, organisms have more than one pair of homologous chromosome and this leads to polyploidy speciation.

Except for allopatric speciation, other types of speciation occurs in a slow process and takes time.