inheritance of biological characteristics is determined by individuals units known as genes. In organisms that reproduce sexually, genes are passed from parents to their offspring. In cases in which two or more forms of the gene for a single trait exist, some forms of the gene may be dominant and others may be recessive. In most sexually reproducing organisms, each adult has two copies of each gene one from each parent. These genes are segregated from each other when gametes are formed. The alleles for different genes usually segregated independently of one another

Principles by Mendel

Explanation:

The heritage principles of Gregor Mendel are at the core of modern genetic engineering. Mendel has created three heritage principles by conducting experiments with pea plant breeding, which described the passing on of genetic characteristics before anyone thought that genes did exist. Mendel referred to this components as "elementen" and suggested that, throughout sexual reproduction, each parent contributes a form of elementary elementen to the resultant offspring. This blend of parental elementen then defined what type of characteristic was noticeable in the descendants.

Genetic concepts are laws or guidelines regulating the biological heredity process, the transition of parents' to children's attributes by information that is biochemically transmitted by DNA, to gene units.