Which characteristic of water allows it to absorb large amounts of energy without a large rise in temperature

Its high specific heat

The high specific heat of the water allows the restriction to the change in temperature.

The specific heat can be defined as the energy required for raising one degree Celsius of one-unit mass of the matter. the water is known to have a specific heat. The high specific heat of the water allows the water to absorb a large amount of eat or other form of energy and the temperature is not changed very much. this property of water makes it fit for survival of the organisms, especially the aquatic ones.