The chromosome # 2 in humans is an example of evolution of the genome because following the divergence of humans and chimpanzees from a common ancestor, two ancestral chromosomes fused in the human line. This conclusion is based on the following facts:a) Chromosomes have rearrengements which are small scale mutations important in the genome evolutionb) The centromere is missing in chimpanzees which caused the fusion of the two chromosomesc) The position of the genes, the presence of a centromere and a centromere-like sequences, the presence of telomeres at both ends of the chromosome and the presence of telomere-like sequencesd) The chromosomes contain histones and DNA highly packede) Humans did not evolve from chimpanzees, they are sister groups with an extinct common ancestor

Question

Justice Mathews

Biology

23 February, 15:15

The chromosome # 2 in humans is an example of evolution of the genome because following the divergence of humans and chimpanzees from a common ancestor, two ancestral chromosomes fused in the human line. This conclusion is based on the following facts:a) Chromosomes have rearrengements which are small scale mutations important in the genome evolutionb) The centromere is missing in chimpanzees which caused the fusion of the two chromosomesc) The position of the genes, the presence of a centromere and a centromere-like sequences, the presence of telomeres at both ends of the chromosome and the presence of telomere-like sequencesd) The chromosomes contain histones and DNA highly packede) Humans did not evolve from chimpanzees, they are sister groups with an extinct common ancestor

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Answers (1)

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Sidney Stone · Answer 1

A - Chromosomes have rearrangements which are small scale mutations important in the genome evolution.

Explanation:

Though human species are made up of parent DNA, there is diversity in individual genome made possible by an exchange and fusion of chromosome segments in the process of meiosis.

Meiosis is the cell division process that takes place in the germ cells (reproductive cells), comprising a number of processes that produce a haploid (n) number of chromosomes. There are 2 stages of meiotic division; meiosis 1 and meiosis 2.

In the prophase stage of meiosis 1, a complex temporarily forms between homologous paired chromosomes, causing an exchange of DNA information, leading to genomic diversity. This process is called crossing over. This process produces genetically unique chromosomes after the process of synapsis (pairing up of homologous chromosomes) The exchanged segments are randomly chosen and can be combined in varying ways. These small scale mutations could allow for the fusion of genetic information of 2 ancestral origins if present in the individual.