All instructions for formatting characteristics (proteins) are carried on ...

Answer: The correct answer is genes.

Genes can be defined as the segments of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which carry information for proteins. Genes are transcribed and converted into mRNA (messanger RNA), which is then converted into proteins through a process called translation. Specific proteins reflect the characteristics of the organism.

According to the Central Dogma, the genetic information is therefore transferred in this manner-

DNA→ mRNa → Proteins

Thus, the instructions for formatting characteristics (proteins) are carried on Genes.