What process reshuffles allele combinations between homologous chromosomes?

a. genetic recombination

b. asexual reproduction

c. independent assortment

d. mitosis

Answer: Option A.

It is called Genetic recombination.

Explanation:

Genetic recombination is a genetic process by which alleles from different parent organisms are combined and reshuffles in the offsprings produced by the parent organisms and the alleles are entirely different from the parents. Genetic recombination occur when two DNA molecules exchange genetic materials with each other and this normally occur during meiosis.

a. genetic recombination

Explanation:

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes synapse in the zygotene stage of prophase-I of meiosis-I. During pachytene of prophase-I, these paired homologous chromosomes exchange some genetic segment between their non-sister chromatids. This process of genetic recombination between the homologous chromosomes is called crossing over. Genetic recombination gives rise to recombinant chromatids. These recombinant chromatids carry some new allelic combinations which were otherwise not present in the parental chromatids.