What is the role of ATP and ADP in cellular respiration?

Answer: ADP provide the building block for ATP.

ATP is the energy source, the molecule that carry energy for cells activities.

Explanation:

Cellular respiration refers to processes in which carbohydrates or glucose is breakdown to release ATP, energy for cellular activities.

Adenosine diphosphate contain nucleotide, ribose and two phosphate group.

Adenosine triphosphates (ATP) contain nucleotide, ribose sugar and 3 phosphate groups. When ATP is used for cellular respiration, a great energy is use to build the bond holding 3 phosphate group in ATP and it require great energy to break it down, once it is broken down it releases energy.

ATP carries energy and release it in the cells, once it has release energy it becomes ADP.

During the process of cellular respiration, glucose provide energy to build ADP and additional phosphate group to form ATP.

ATP is consumed in glycolysis to convert glucose to pyruvate, and produced in electron transport chain.

Explanation:

Cellular respiration consists of three parts in order: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain.

Glycolysis involves total of 10 steps. Out of those, step 1 and 3 use ATP.

In step 1, hexokinase (HK) take a phosphate from ATP and add the phosphate to glucose to create glucose-6-phosphate. Because a phosphate is taken out, ATP becomes ADP.

In step 3, phosphofructokinase (PFK) take a phosphate from ATP and add the phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate to create fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.

In last step, ATP synthase uses the difference in hydrogen ion concentration to make ATP.

NADH catalyzes a series of reactions with several proteins to move hydrogen cations from mitochondrial matrix to intermembrane space. This creates a difference in hydrogen cation concentration.

The higher concentration in intermembrane space means hydrogen cations prefer to go back to mitochondrial matrix.

ATP synthase use this force to drive reaction that adds a phosphate to ADP to create ATP.