What is the name given to organisms that can make their own food for the biosphere?

Autotrophs are organisms that can make their own food for the biosphere.

This term comes from the Greek terms:

Auto - meaning "self" and Troph - meaning "feeding or growth"

So autotroph quite literally means "to feed oneself". Autotrophs, for the most part, use photosynthesis from sunlight to produce their own sugars.

Plants are the primary autotrophs on Earth!