What are three types of nutrients that provide energy in Calories, and what is the main function of each type in the body?

1. Protein: catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, transporting molecules from one location to another, muscle production.

2. Fat: provides energy (2x that of carbohydrates) and insulation

3. Carbohydrates: provides energy, ensures proper functioning of the many organs in the body, such as the central nervous system, heart and kidneys. Carbohydrates are utilized by athletes to provide an immediate pump, or boost in energy.