Which of the following statements describes the central dogma of molecular biology?

A. Biological information in a cell passes from DNAto RNA to protiens

B. Biological information in a cell passes from RNA to protiens to DNA

C. Biological information in a cell passes from RNA to DNA to protiens

D. Biological information in a cell passes from protien to RNA to DNA

how many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?

A. 2

B. 23

C. 44

D. 46

Which of the following has the disadvantage of possibly bringing two ressesive alleles together and causeing a genetic defect?

A. inbreeding

B. hybridization

C. genetic engineering

D. transformation

Q1. The answer is A. Biological information in a cell passes from DNAto RNA to proteins. The biological information is the part of DNA. During transcription, DNA is transcribed into RNA which now serves as a template for the synthesis of proteins. Thus, the central dogma of molecular biology describes how biological information in a cell passes from DNA to RNA to proteins.

Q2. The answer is D. 46. In a human diploid somatic cell (2n), there are 23 chromosomes present in two copies - 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes. So, in a normal human karyotype there will be in total 46 chromosomes (23 pairs in 2 copies: 23 * 2 = 46).

Q3. The answer is A. inbreeding. Inbreeding is a breed from closely related organisms. Inbreeding causes a decrease of genetic variation by increasing homozygosity. This way, it can cause the genetic defect by bringing two recessive alleles together.