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22 October, 14:46

a. Controlling the rates of transcription and translation is important in bacteria to avoid collisions between ribosomes and RNA polymerases. Calculate what the maximum rate of translation by a ribosome in a bacterial cell would have to be, in units of amino acids per second, so as not to overtake an RNA polymerase that is transcribing mRNA at a rate of 60 nucleotides per second. b. How long would it take for this bacterial cell to translate an mRNA containing 1800 codons?

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  1. 22 October, 15:15
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    Answer: The rate will be 20aminoacids per second and it would take 80 seconds to translate.

    Explanation: Translation is the process where mRNA is transformed into a polypeptide. This happens when a ribossome converts 3 nucleotides to 1 aminoacid. For this cell, as the rate is 60 nucleotides per second:

    3 nucleotides - 1 aminoacid

    60 nucleotides - 60/3 = 20 aminocids

    The maximum rate of translation will be 20aminoacids per second.

    A codon is a sequence of 3 nucleotides. 1800 codos has 5400 nucleotides.

    If the rate is 60 nucleotides per second:

    5400/60 = 80s

    It would take 80 seconds to translate that piece of mRNA.
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