In Griffith's experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae, rough nonencapsulated streptococci were converted into smooth encapsulated streptococci in the presence of the heat-killed smooth encapsulated streptococci. Which microbial process had Griffith identified?

The correct answer is - transformation.

Explanation:

Griffith's experiment was performed by Fredrick Griffith with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Streptococcus P. are rough non encapsulated streptococci that are converted into smooth encapsulated streptococci bacteria in presence of heat-killed smooth encapsulated bacteria.

This experiment was the first experiment that showed that this bacteria can get DNA by the process of transformation.

He suggested that the nonencapsulated bacteria had been transformed into the encapsulated smooth bacteria strain by the transformation process that was somehow part of the dead encapsulated strain bacteria.

Thus, the correct answer - transformation.