Which of the following is correct?

a. Efficiency deals with the size of the economic pie, and equality deals with how fairly the pie is sliced.

b. Equality can be judged on positive grounds whereas efficiency requires normative judgments.

c. Efficiency is more difficult to evaluate than equality.

d. Equality and efficiency are both maximized in a society when total surplus is maximized.

Answer: (A)

Efficiency deals with the size of the economic pie, and equality deals with how fairly the pie is sliced.

Explanation:

According to Gregory Mankiw, resources are scarce and therefore every society must use its scarce resources to derive as much benefits as it can. It is this derived benefits he calls the "economic pie"

The more efficient a society is, the more the benefits (or the larger the economic pie) it can derive from its resources.

According to Mankiw, equality means fairness in distributing the benefits (or slicing the pie) among the people in that society.