The process by which precipitation that has fallen on land trickles into the ground and becomes groundwater is known as what?

infiltration

Explanation:

Infiltration refers to the mechanism through which water reaches the soil as of the ground surface. It is widely used throughout the soil as well as hydrology studies. The capability to infiltrate is described as the highest infiltration intensity. It is most generally expressed in meters every day, but also can be calculated across time in many other distance measurements when appropriate.

The ability for penetration reduces as soil moisture concentration rises in the surface levels of poor soil. If the amount of rainfall reaches the rate of penetration, generally a spill arises unless there's some protective shield.