Which of the following strategies can enable companies to gain a cost competitive advantage? a. Removing frills from products b. Focusing on serving marginal customers c. Eliminating reverse engineering efforts d. Developing additional exclusive functional departments e. All the above

A - removing frills from products

Explanation:

competitive advantage is an advantage over competitors gained by offering consumers greater value, either by means of lower prices or by providing greater benefits and service that justifies higher prices.

In this case, removing frills creates better value to the consumers.