Explain the basic principles of an absorption unit operation

Answ

this operation is generally used to recovery and disposal of solute.

basic principles:

two component systems

at a given temperature the solubility increases with pressure

multi-component systems

If all the gas components except one are insoluble, their concentrations in the liquid will be so small that they will not change the solubility of the relatively soluble component.

Ideal liquid solutions:

the average intermolecular forces of attraction and repulsion in the solution do not change when mixing the components

the average intermolecular forces of attraction and repulsion in the solution do not change when mixing the components

there is no absorption or evolution of heat when mixing the components

the total vapor pressure varies linearly with the composition expressed in mole fraction

Explanation:

Gas absorption is an operation in which a gaseous mixture is contacted with a liquid, in order to selectively dissolve one or more components of the gas and obtain a solution of these in the liquid

basic principles:

two component systems:

if a certain concentration of a gas and a relatively non-volatile liquid is brought to equilibrium, the resulting concentration of the gas dissolved in the liquid is called the solubility of the gas at predominant T and P.

multi-component system:

if a mixture of gases is contacted with a liquid, the solubility in the equilibrium of each gas will be under certain conditions, independent of that of the others, as long as the balance is described as a function of the partial pressures in the gas mixture.

Ideal liquid solutions:

when a liquid phase can be considered ideal, the partial pressure in the equilibrium of a gas in the solution can be calculated without the need for experimental determinations.