A person suffering from hyponatremia has a sodium ion concentration in the blood of 0.117 M and a total blood volume of 4.9 L. Part A What mass of sodium chloride would need to be added to the blood to bring the sodium ion concentration up to 0.138 M, assuming no change in blood volume

We should add 6.017g of NaCl to bring the sodium ion concentration to 0.138M

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Concentration of sodium in the blood is 0.117 M → 0.138 M

Blood volume = 4.9 L

Concentration = moles / liter

Step 2: Calculate number of moles

moles = concentration * Volume

For this problem we have: moles = 0.117 M * 4.9 L = 0.5733 moles

Step 3: Calculating mass of Na in the blood

Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mole

0.5733 moles * 58.44 g/mole = 33.50g of NaCl in 4.9L blood

Step 4: Calculate moles of sodium required

To have a concentration of 0.138 we need:

0.138 M * 4.9 L = 0.6762 moles

Step 5: Calculate mass of Na required

0.6762 moles * 58.44 g/mole = 39.517g of NaCl required

Step 6: Calculate mass needed to increase concentration of sodum from 0.117M to 0.138 M

39.517 - 33.50 = 6.017 g NaCl

We should add 6.017g of NaCl to bring the sodium ion concentration to 0.138M