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20 August, 15:49

If 15 grams of an organic solid is dissolved in 80 mL of water, how many grams remain in the water after extraction with 50 mL of a solvent which has a partition (distribution) coefficient with water of 8? Show calculations.

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  1. 20 August, 16:18
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    2.5 g

    Explanation:

    The partial coefficient (K) is the ratio of the solubility (S) of a solute in two different solvents. For the given problem:

    K = Ssolvent/Swater

    The solubility is the mass divided by the volume. If the fraction of the solute in water is called q, the fraction of it in the solvent is 1-q. Let's call m the initial mass of the solute, so, after the extraction:

    mass at the solvent = (1-q) m

    mass at water = qm

    Ssolvent = (1-q) m/50

    Swater = qm/80

    8 = [ (1-q) m/50]/qm/80

    8 = 80 * (1-q) / 50q

    400q = 80 - 80q

    480q = 80

    q = 0.167

    The mass that remains at the water is:

    0.167*15 = 2.5 g
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