How water deposits soil, sediment, and rock

Ever seen a waterfall? what do you think happens when all that water slams into the ground below? same as when you turn a hosepipe on a flowerbed.

also, there's hydraulic cracking where water gets into cracks and freezes, splitting rocks apart.

fast moving water can carry sediment and roll rocks along the bottom. if the water slows down, it drops the rocks and heavier sediment. if it floods a field, say, then drains away, the grass will also filter smaller particles out, or the water might evaporate and leave fine sediment behind.