How does every singles cell in the body get the substances it needs to carry out the chemical reaction that provides it with energy?

And I don't exactly get what you are trying to ask hit me back up though

Are you just asking how the body gets substances that it requires to carry out cellular respiration?

If yes then the formula for cellular respiration is glucose + oxygen = water + CO2 + ATP (energy).

How body gets glucose:

When the stomach digests food, the carbohydrate (sugars and starches) in the food breaks down into another type of sugar, called glucose. The stomach and small intestines absorb the glucose and then release it into the bloodstream. Then the glucose is then let into the cell through the cell membrane and proteins (active transport, facilitated diffusion)

For oxygen we just breathe it in and oxygen is then let into our cells through the cell membrane (diffusion).