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7 August, 02:42

Aluminum reacts with excess hydrochloric acid to form aqueous aluminum chloride and 190.6 ml of hydrogen gas (collected over water at 26°C and 0.89 atm). (Vapor pressure of water at 26ºC = 25.2 mmHg.) How many grams of aluminum reacted? Enter to 4 decimal places.

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  1. 7 August, 03:10
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    0.1296 grams of aluminum reacted

    Explanation:

    Equation of reaction:

    2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2

    From the ideal gas equation

    PV = nRT

    n = PV/RT

    P = (25.2/760) atm + 0.89atm = 0.923 atm

    V = 190.6 ml = 190.6cm^3

    R = 82.057cm^3. atm/gmol. K

    T = 26°C = 26+273K = 299K

    n = 0.923*190.6/82.057*299 = 0.0072 moles of H2

    From the equation of reaction

    3 moles of hydrogen gas is formed from 2 moles of aluminum

    Therefore, 0.0072 moles of hydrogen gas is formed from (0.0072*2/3 = 0.0048) moles of aluminum

    Number of moles of aluminum that reacted = 0.0048 moles

    Mass of aluminum that reacted = number of moles * MW = 0.0048 * 27 = 0.1296 grams
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