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20 September, 13:54

A sample of nitrogen gas expands in volume from 1.3 to 5.7 L at constant temperature. Calculate the work done in joules if the gas expands (a) against a vacuum: J (b) against a constant pressure of 0.60 atm: * 10 J Enter your answer in scientific notation. (c) against a constant pressure of 4.7 atm: * 10 J Enter your answer in scientific notation.

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  1. 20 September, 14:09
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    a) 0 J

    b) - 2.67x10² J

    c) - 2.09x10³ J

    Explanation:

    For an isothermic expansion (with constant temperature) the work (W) is:

    W = - pΔV, where p is the pressure and ΔV the volume variation. The minus signal is used because the compression is positive and ΔV is negative (Vf < Vi).

    a) In vacuum, the relative pressure is 0 atm, so the work:

    W = - 0x (5.7 - 1.3)

    W = 0 J

    b) For a constant pressure of 0.60 atm

    W = - 0.6atmx (5.7 - 1.3) L = - 2.64 L. atm

    1 L. atm = 101.3 J

    W = - 2.64x101.3 = - 2.67x10² J

    c) For a pressure of 4.7 atm

    W = - 4.7atmx (5.7 - 1.3) L = - 20.68 atm. L

    1 atm. L = 101.3 J

    W = - 20.68x101.3 = - 2.09x10³ J
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