How the atomic structure and covalent bonding properties of carbon atoms allow carbon to form many different types of molecules with many different functions?

Covalent bonds form through the sharing of at least 2 electrons. Carbon based rings & chains form very large molecules because carbon can form up to 4 covalent bonds to form these rings and chains, and these bond with other rings and chains over and over. Glucose→Starches. Lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids are the 4 main types of carbon-based molecules in organisms. Nucleic acids form our genetic code. Genetic information is stored in those. Proteins are also made from nucleic acids.