What describes a powdery mineral once commonly used as a fireproof insulating material around pipes, in floor tiles and linoleum, in siding and roofing, in wallboard, joint compound and many other applications?

Answer: Asbestos

Explanation:

Despite its health hazards, asbestos can still be found in a lot of products today like roofing shingles and insulations.

The harmful effects of asbestos starts from it being inhaled. Unlike most other foreign materials inhaled or consumed, it is difficult to eliminate the fibres of asbestos once it's in the system. Therefore it is advisable to always wear PPE (Personal protective equipment) when handling asbestos.

Asbestos is said to be the cause of asbestosis and mesothelioma.