A ballon is filled with helium gas. Another balloon, of the same size, is filled with nitrogen gas. Explain why the ratio of the masses of the two samples is the same as the ratio of their molar masses.

Let's say say there are n1 mols of helium in the first balloon and n2 mols of nitrogen in the second one, which are equivalent to m1 grams of helium and m2 grams of nitrogen.

The molar mass of hydrogen is thus M1=m1/n1, same for nitrogen M2=m2/n2 hence the ratio of their masses is m1/m2 = (M1n1) / (M2n2). Since both gases are rather similar, we can assume that n1~n2 hence m1/m2=M1/M2