A 0.450 g0.450 g sample of impure CaCO3 (s) CaCO3 (s) is dissolved in 50.0 mL50.0 mL of 0.150 M HCl (aq) 0.150 M HCl (aq). The equation for the reaction is CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) ⟶CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g) CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) ⟶CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g) The excess HCl (aq) HCl (aq) is titrated by 9.35 mL9.35 mL of 0.125 M NaOH (aq) 0.125 M NaOH (aq). Calculate the mass percentage of CaCO3 (s) CaCO3 (s) in the sample.

The mass percentage of CaCO3 in the sample is 70.4%

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

mass of the sample = 0.450 g

volume of the 0.150 M HCl = 50.0 mL = 0.05L

The excess HCl is titrated by 9.35 mLof 0.125 M NaOH

Molar mass CaCO3 = 100.0869 g/mol

Step 2: The balanced equation

CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Step 3: Calculate moles of NaOH

Number of moles NaOH = molarity NaOH * Volume

Number of moles NaOH = 0.125 M * 0.00935 L

Number of moles of NaOH = 0.00116875 moles

Step 4: Calculate moles of HCl

For 1 mole of NaOH consumed, we need 1 mole of HCl to produce 1 mole of NaCl and 1 mole of H2O

For 0.00116875 moles of NaOH, we have 0.00116875 moles moles of HCl

in excess

Step 5: Calculate moles of HCl reacted with CaCO3

Number of moles = molarity HCl * Volume

Number of moles = 0.150 M * 0.05L = 0.0075 moles

Moles of HCl reacted with CaCO3 = 0.0075 - 0.00116875 = 0.00633125 moles

Step 6: Calculate moles of CaCO3

For 2 moles of HCl consumed, we need 1 mole of CaCO3 to produce 1 mole of CaCl2 and 1 mole of H2O

For 0.00633125 moles of HCl, we have 0.00633125/2 = 0.003165625 moles

Step 7: Calculate mass of CaCO3

mass CaCO3 = number of moles of CaCO3 / molar mass of CaCO3

mass of CaCO3 = 0.003165625 moles * 100.0869 g/mol = 0.317 grams

Step 8: Calculate the mass percentage of CaCO3

(0.317 grams / 0.450 grams) * 100 % = 70.4 %

The mass percentage of CaCO3 in the sample is 70.4%