OH

CH3-CH2-CH-CH;

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Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Carbon has the ability to bond with itself to

form long chains and, as a result, millions of compounds from simple hydrocarbons to large

biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Originally it was believed that

these compounds had to come from a living organism, now they are synthesized in the laboratory.

The simplest organic compounds are composed of carbon and hydrogen and are known as hydrocarbons.

There are four types, or classes, of hydrocarbons:

Alkanes: contain all C-C single bonds. These are known as saturated hydrocarbons.

Alkenes: contain at least one C=C double bond.

Alkynes: contain at least one C≡C triple bond. Both alkenes and alkynes are known as

unsaturated hydrocarbons

Aromatic hydrocarbons: contain a benzene structure