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5 August, 10:15

Arrange the following atoms according to decreasing effective nuclear charge experienced by their valence electrons: Cl, Na, P, and S. Rank from largest to smallest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.

Cl Na P S

Largest Smallest

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  1. 5 August, 10:25
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    Cl < S < P < Na

    Explanation:

    We have to understand the trend for effective nuclear charge before answering the question;

    The periodic table tendency for effective nuclear charge: Increase across a period (due to increasing nuclear charge with no accompanying increase in shielding effect). Decrease down a group (although nuclear charge increases down a group, shielding effect more than counters its effect).

    Based on this, the elements can be arranged in the following order;

    In decreasing order;

    Cl < S < P < Na
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