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23 May, 20:20

Calculate the molarity of a 10.0% (by mass) aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid. The density of this solution is 1.01 g/mL. a. 0.277 M b. 2.77 M c. 3.04 M d. 4.33 M e. The density of the solution is needed to solve the problem

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  1. 23 May, 20:49
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    [HCl] = 2.77 M (option b)

    Explanation:

    A 10% by mass is an information that means, 10 g of solute are contained in 100 g of solution.

    Density is mass / volume and it always corresponds to solution.

    So solution mass is 100 g. Let's find out solution volume with density

    Solution mass / Solution volume = Solution density

    100 g / Solution volume = 1.01 g/mL

    100 g / 1.01 g/mL = 99 mL

    In conclusion our 10 g of HCl are contained in 99 mL of solution

    Molarity is mol of solute in 1L of solution

    Let's convert the mass to moles (mass / molar mass)

    10 g / 36.45 g/mol = 0.274 moles

    Let's convert the mL in L

    99 mL = 0.099L

    Molarity is mol/L → 0.274 mol / 0.099L = 2.77M
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