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13 July, 02:34

A volume of 24.72±0.06 mL of HNO3 solution was required for complete reaction with 0.8359±0.0007 g of Na2CO3, (FM 105.988±0.001 g/mol). Find the molarity of the HNO3 solution and its absolute uncertainty.

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  1. 13 July, 02:38
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    Molarity of HNO₃ = 0.6379 ± 0.0020 M

    Explanation:

    Hi!

    The equation of the reaction is as follows:

    Na₂CO₃ + 2HNO₃ → H₂CO₃ + 2NaNO₃

    The number of moles of Na₂CO₃ present in the reaction is:

    moles Na₂CO₃ = 0.8359 ± 0.0007 g / 105.988 ± 0.001 g/mol

    First, let's convert the absolute uncertainties in relative ones.

    0.8359 ± 0.0007 g = 0.8359 ± ((0.0007 g / 0.8359 g) * 100%)

    =0.8359g ± 0.08%

    105.988 ± 0.001 g = 105.988 ± ((0.001 g/mol / 105.988 g/mol) * 100%)

    = 105.988 g/mol ± 9*10⁻⁴%

    Then:

    moles Na₂CO₃ = (0.8359g ± 0.08%) / (105.988 g/mol ± 9*10⁻⁴%)

    moles Na₂CO₃ = (0.8359 g / 105.988 g/mol) ± (0.08% + 9*10⁻⁴%)

    moles Na₂CO₃ = 7.887 * 10⁻³ mol ± 0.08%

    From the equation, we know that 2 moles of HNO₃ react with 1 mol of Na₂CO₃. Then, the number of moles of HNO₃ present in the reaction is:

    moles of HNO₃ = 2 * moles of Na₂CO₃ = 2 * 7.887 * 10⁻³ mol ± 0.08%

    moles of HNO₃ = 0.01577 mol ± 0.08%

    This number of moles was present in 24.72 ml ± 0.2%. Then, in 1 l there will be:

    moles of HNO₃ in 1l = 0.01577 mol ± 0.08% * 1000 ml / 24.72 ml ± 0.2%

    moles of HNO₃ in 1l = 0.6379 mol ± (0.08% + 0.2%)

    moles of HNO₃ in 1l = 0.6379 mol ± 0.3%

    Converting the relative uncertainty to absolute one:

    0.3% * 0.6379 mol / 100% = 2 * 10⁻³ mol

    Then, the molarity of HNO₃ will be:

    Molarity of HNO₃ = 0.6379 ± 0.0020 M
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