Which term refers to actions that you would typically perform on a computer to revive it even if it functions in an unexpected manner

The term to revive a computer (other than "restart") is "reboot" - I think that this is the correct answer.

Restarting is actually a form of rebooting - when the rebooting is not forced by shutting off the power for some time, but when the system has the time to close all the applications before restarting.