In what way do coastal mountains affect a regions climate

Their climate's will differ because one is on the coast so winds off the ocean often prevent extremes of hot and cold. This coastal areas have mild marine climates, with relatively mild winters and cool summers, and the Mountain ranges in a path of prevailing winds affect precipitation on either side of a mountain.

The answers are: They increase precipitation on the windward sides of mountain ranges.

They force cool, moist air from oceans to rise as they move toward land.

They decrease precipitation totals on the leeward sides of mountain ranges.